Mexico Bans Vapes: Health Risks and New Penalties Explained

On December 9th, Mexico’s Chamber of Deputies approved a sweeping reform that completely prohibits the production, importation, distribution, and sale of vapes, electronic cigarettes, and similar devices across the country. This decisive move, passed with 324 votes in favor and 129 against, is grounded in scientific evidence highlighting significant respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological risks associated with these products, which are often marketed as “less harmful” alternatives to tobacco.

According to analyses by Cofepris (Mexico’s health regulatory agency) and international studies, the aerosols generated by these devices are not harmless vapor. Instead, they are mixtures of glycerin, propylene glycol, and flavorings that, when heated, release toxic substances such as formaldehyde and acrolein.

Key Health Risks Driving the Ban

Legislators were alerted to a range of serious health damages caused by vapes:

Respiratory Issues: Constant irritation, airway inflammation, worsening of asthma, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in frequent users.
Lipoid Pneumonia: Caused by inhaling oils found in some liquids, leading to intense coughing, chest pain, and difficulty breathing.
Toxic Exposure: Inhalation of formaldehyde, acrolein, and other compounds released during heating.
Heavy Metals: Presence of nickel, tin, lead, and chromium, which can accumulate in the lungs.
Cardiovascular Damage: Circulatory alterations, increased risk of arteriosclerosis, and even heart attacks.
Nicotine Addiction: Highly addictive nature affecting adolescent neurological development and fostering dependence.
Undeclared Substances: Cofepris has detected over 30 undeclared components in various devices.
Secondhand Risks: Exhaled aerosol can harm individuals exposed passively.

Stricter Penalties to Curb Illegal Market

The reform, championed by President Claudia Sheinbaum, aims to halt the rising consumption among adolescents and prevent vapes from becoming a gateway to other addictions. It introduces severe sanctions to curb the illegal market:

Prison Sentences: 1 to 8 years for manufacturing, distributing, or selling electronic nicotine delivery systems.
Hefty Fines: Economic penalties that can exceed 226,000 pesos.

Currently, no vape device in circulation has sanitary authorization from Cofepris, confirming their illegal status in the formal market. This reform seeks to strictly limit access and align Mexico with international recommendations on the dangers of vaping.